Is Ultimate Frisbee a Sport or a Hobby?

Is Ultimate Frisbee a sport or a hobby? This question continues to generate intense controversy between lovers of the game and its critics.


Despite its widely increasing popularity in the United States, Canada, and several other parts of the world, many people still think that it is lacking in areas that would otherwise have qualified it as a sport.

What Is Ultimate Frisbee?

Ultimate or Ultimate Frisbee, as it is more popularly known, is a non-contact team game played with a flying disc or a Frisbee. Ultimate Frisbee is played by two opposing teams on a field similar to a football field where one team tries to outscore the other.

How Is Ultimate Frisbee Played?

In a standard game, two teams with seven players each contest on a field and try to score at the opposing end. A standard Ultimate Frisbee playing field is a rectangular field that consists of the main playing area that is 64m long and 37m wide. It also consists of the end zone at each end of the field 20m long.

The two teams try to score at the opposite ends of the pitch while preventing their opponents from scoring from their end. The attacking team throws around the Frisbee and tries to get to the end zone at the other end while the opponents defend.


If a player from the attacking team catches a pass from their teammate while in the defending team’s end zone, they score a point.

The defending team tries its best to stop the attacking team from completing passes without making contact with the opponent. When a player has the Frisbee in their possession, they are not allowed to move with it.


They can, however, pass to a teammate. Turnovers occur when the pass is not completed or when the one with the Frisbee does not release it within 10 seconds.

Some Common Rules of Ultimate Frisbee

Like every sport, Ultimate Frisbee is governed by a set of rules which determine how the game is played. Some of the most common rules of Ultimate Frisbee include:

1. Spirit of the Game – Ultimate Frisbee employs a sacred rule called Spirit of the Game, which emphasizes each player’s fair play, sportsmanship, and integrity over the competitive play.
   
   

• No Referee – Despite having several similarities with sports like football, rugby, and soccer, Ultimate Frisbee’s uniqueness comes from its lack of a referee. The responsibility of calling fouls is placed on the players rather than the referee. Each player is expected to call their own foul and settle any dispute that might arise.
  
  

• No contact – Ultimate Frisbee is a non-contact sport. When there is contact between two opponents, it results in a foul.
  
  

• Turnovers – Turnovers occur when there are incomplete passes. Incomplete passes involve throwing the Frisbee out of bounds or when the defending player blocks or intercepts the pass. It also occurs when the receiving player fails to catch the pass from their teammate. A turnover allows the defending team to gain possession of the flying disc and become the attacking team.
  
  

• Scoring – When a thrower passes the disc to their teammate who receives the disc while standing in the opponent’s end zone, they are adjudged to have scored a point.
  
  

• The 10-Second Rule – When an attacking player gains possession of the Frisbee, they have ten seconds to complete a pass to a teammate. Otherwise, it results in a turnover.
  
  

• Substitutions – Teams can make substitutions immediately any team scores a point or when one of the players on the field is injured.
  
  

• Stationary Thrower – When the thrower is in possession of the disc, they are not supposed to move around. If they do, they would be penalized for traveling. They are supposed to make a pass to a teammate while on the same spot.
  
  

• Timeouts – Each team can call two timeouts per half. This can be done by any player after a goal is scored or by a player in possession of the Frisbee when play is going on.
  
  

Why Would Someone Say Ultimate Frisbee Is Not a Sport?

1. It’s Not in The Olympics – The absence of Ultimate Frisbee in the Olympics is the most vital point that critics have raised about why it should be regarded as a hobby rather than a sport. According to some of them, if the Olympics committee can recognize archery as a sport, the continued absence of Ultimate Frisbee in the competition only proves that it isn’t a sport.
   
   

However, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) has granted full recognition to the World Flying Disc Federation (WFDF); the governing body in charge of Ultimate Frisbee. As part of its agenda, the World Flying Disc Federation also continues to push for the inclusion of Ultimate Frisbee in the Los Angeles Olympics in 2028.


It is now a matter of when rather than if Ultimate Frisbee will become an Olympic sport.

• Absence of a Referee/Umpire – One of the most sacred rules of Ultimate Frisbee is the Spirit of the game. This rule allows players to officiate themselves and entirely depends on the belief that each player would exhibit the highest form of integrity without bending any of the rules in their favor.
  
  
  

Critics of Ultimate Frisbee strongly believe that the presence of a referee in any sport is critical. The referee who understands the game’s rules officiates the game without any form of bias which may not be possible in a game where players officiate themselves.


Although it can improve fair play and integrity when played as a hobby, it might not be as flawless when introduced in the biggest competitions where the urge to win at all costs prevails over all else.

• Prohibition of Contact between Players – For a game that is quite similar to football, rugby, and soccer in terms of the playing field, being unable to establish any form of contact with your opponent has made critics regard it as more of a hobby than a sport. Many people believe that contact is critical in any sport, except those with boundaries like table tennis and lawn tennis.
  
  

• Co-Ed Teams – Ultimate Frisbee allows men and women to play on the same team rather than have separate teams for different sexes. This is another point that critics have used against Ultimate Frisbee as a sport. Additionally, the Olympics has individual competitions for males and females for each sport.
  
  

Is Ultimate Frisbee a Sport?

Although the concerns raised by Ultimate Frisbee critics are not entirely unfounded, the game’s characteristics have shown that it can be classified as a sport.


The International Olympics Committee’s decision to consider Ultimate Frisbee for future Olympics competitions shows that it is only a matter of time before critics’ argument is put to bed for good.

Like other sports, Ultimate Frisbee is an athletic activity that requires skill and physical exertion. This game also emphasizes teamwork as it takes more than one player to complete a goal-scoring move.


Although critics use its non-contact rules against it, it does not make it less of a sport since games like baseball, cricket, swimming, etc., are considered as sports despite being non-contact.

The absence of referees in Ultimate Frisbee may be the biggest challenge facing this game. The Spirit of the Game rule may work well in replacing referees for unofficial games.


However, trusting players to call their fouls may not be advisable when dealing with the highest level of sports competitions. There is a need for an unbiased professional to make essential calls during an official game.

Verdict: Ultimate Frisbee Is Both a Hobby and a Sport

Having been formally recognized by the International Olympics Committee as a sport, the only argument is when it would be introduced at an Olympic sport. As soon as this is done, critics would have no further debate on the validity of Ultimate Frisbee as a Sport.

Ultimate Frisbee has all the attributes of a sport. It requires skill, physical prowess, and teamwork to play. It also offers excellent entertainment value. Critics who try to discredit the game say it is a hobby rather than a sport. However, who says it can’t be both?

Although Ultimate Frisbee offers excellent entertainment value and can be played casually as a hobby to derive pure joy, its competitive nature, physical and mental demands have shown that it qualifies as a sport.


It is physically exerting despite allowing no form of contact between opponents, and it requires skill to release accurate passes and time runs to perfection.

Ultimate Frisbee also teaches teamwork over individual brilliance and holds sacred the Spirit of the game, which teaches integrity, true sportsmanship, and fair play. Other sports have hardly any positive quality that Ultimate Frisbee lacks.

So, is Ultimate Frisbee a sport or a hobby? We say it is both.